How does atrial fibrillation relate to the risk of a CVA?

Atrial fibrillation significantly increases the risk of a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), commonly known as a stroke, primarily because it can lead to the formation of blood clots in the heart. In atrial fibrillation, the atria of the heart do not contract effectively, which can cause turbulent blood flow. This turbulence can lead to the stasis of blood in the heart, particularly in the left atrial appendage. When blood remains stagnant, it can coagulate and form clots.

If these clots are dislodged, they can travel to the brain, causing an obstruction in blood flow, which results in a stroke. This increased risk is well-documented, making appropriate anticoagulation therapy essential for patients with atrial fibrillation to mitigate the risk of thromboembolic events. Understanding this pathophysiology underscores the critical link between atrial fibrillation and an elevated risk for stroke, solidifying the importance of monitoring and managing patients with this condition to prevent potential CVAs.