If a transfusion reaction occurs, what should the nurse do first?

When a transfusion reaction occurs, the first priority is to stop the blood transfusion because continuing the transfusion can exacerbate the reaction and lead to more severe complications. Stopping the blood flow immediately helps to prevent further hemolysis or the introduction of more incompatible blood into the recipient's system.

After stopping the transfusion, it is important to maintain venous access by starting a saline solution. This helps to dilute any remaining blood in the IV line and provides a conduit for medications that may be needed later, such as antihistamines or corticosteroids, to manage the reaction. This action is critical in stabilizing the patient and potentially alleviating symptoms.

Following this immediate intervention, the nurse would then call the physician to report the reaction and follow any further medical protocols, administer oxygen if required based on symptoms, and document the event in the patient's record accordingly. However, the first and most crucial step is to stop the transfusion and initiate saline infusion to safeguard the patient's health.