In individuals with Cushing's syndrome, what component is typically retained leading to hypertension?

In individuals with Cushing's syndrome, the body typically exhibits an excess of cortisol, which leads to several physiological changes, one of which is sodium retention. Cortisol increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, which subsequently leads to an increase in blood volume and ultimately results in hypertension. The retention of sodium is a key factor in the development of high blood pressure in these patients.

Additionally, with elevated cortisol levels, other components such as potassium may actually be lost, which can further exacerbate the symptoms of Cushing's syndrome. In contrast, calcium and magnesium levels may also be affected but are not primarily associated with the hypertension seen in this condition. Thus, due to the mechanisms by which cortisol influences renal function and fluid balance, sodium retention is directly linked to the hypertensive state observed in individuals with Cushing's syndrome.