In managing increased ICP, which of the following actions can exacerbate the condition?

Engaging in intense physical activity can exacerbate increased intracranial pressure (ICP) because it increases cerebral blood flow and metabolic demand, potentially leading to further swelling or increased pressure within the cranial cavity. Physical activity can cause fluctuations in blood volume and pressure, which are especially detrimental in patients already experiencing elevated ICP. It is critical to minimize any activities that could increase metabolic activity or blood flow to the brain in these situations.

Encouraging deep breathing, providing ice chips, and reading aloud are generally considered supportive activities that do not significantly increase ICP. Deep breathing can actually help optimize oxygenation and may promote relaxation, while ice chips provide hydration without the risk of contributing to increased ICP. Reading aloud can be a calming activity, provided it is done at a moderate pace and not in a way that leads to excessive stimulation or agitation. In contrast, intense physical exertion disrupts the delicate balance of cerebral circulation and metabolic needs in the context of increased ICP.