In which age group is otitis media most commonly found?

Otitis media, or middle ear infection, is most commonly found in infants and young children due to several physiological factors. The Eustachian tubes in younger children are shorter, more horizontal, and more compliant compared to those in older individuals. This anatomical structure makes it easier for pathogens from the nasopharynx to reach the middle ear, leading to infections. Additionally, young children have immature immune systems, which can contribute to a higher incidence of infections. They are also more likely to experience ear infections in conjunction with upper respiratory infections, which are frequent at this stage of development.

In contrast, the incidence of otitis media decreases substantially in older children and adults, as their Eustachian tubes become longer and more vertical, thereby reducing the risk of infections. Therefore, infants and young children are clearly identified as the group most affected by otitis media.