In which ethnic group is sickle cell anemia most commonly found?

Sickle cell anemia is most commonly found in individuals of African descent, particularly African Americans. This genetic disorder is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin gene, which affects the shape of red blood cells, causing them to become rigid and sickle-shaped. The prevalence of sickle cell disease is linked to the historical presence of malaria in certain geographic regions. Individuals with the sickle cell trait have some protection against malaria, which has contributed to the higher incidence of this trait in African populations.

While this condition can occur in other ethnic groups, it is predominantly associated with African heritage, making African Americans the group most notably affected by sickle cell anemia compared to the other ethnic groups listed.