Under what condition does an AIDS patient require a single room?

An AIDS patient requires a single room when they have low white blood cell (WBC) counts because this condition indicates a compromised immune system. AIDS, or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, severely impacts the body's ability to fight infections. Low WBC counts can lead to an increased risk of infection, making it essential for the patient to be in a controlled environment to minimize exposure to pathogens.

In a healthcare setting, patients with low WBC counts are often placed in isolation to protect them from infections that could be life-threatening due to their weakened immune response. This isolation helps reduce the risk of cross-contamination and prevents the spread of any infectious agents the patient could be exposed to.

The other options do not specifically address the critical need for isolation based on the patient's immunocompromised status. A high WBC count does not necessitate isolation; rather, it may indicate an ongoing infection or inflammation. Symptoms of infection would prompt a different kind of intervention but do not solely determine the need for isolation. Similarly, undergoing treatment alone does not automatically require placement in a single room unless the treatment specifically causes immunosuppression or the patient's WBC count is low.