What action must a newborn take to receive a high score of 2 for respiratory effort on the APGAR?

A high score of 2 for respiratory effort on the APGAR indicates that the newborn is demonstrating a robust and effective respiratory function immediately after birth. A vigorous cry signifies that the infant is taking deep breaths and has clear, effective airflow, which is essential for oxygenation and indicates good health. This strong respiratory effort is critical, as it shows that the newborn is adapting well to life outside the womb and is capable of maintaining adequate ventilation.

The other options do not align with the criteria for scoring. Regular breathing is a positive sign but does not capture the intensity and strength indicated by a vigorous cry. Shallow breathing and being calm and still are signs of potential distress and inadequate respiratory function, which would not merit a high score. Therefore, a vigorous cry is the definitive action that reflects optimal respiratory effort in a newborn.