What are the first two signs of hypovolemic shock?

The first two signs of hypovolemic shock are a change in level of consciousness (LOC) and tachycardia. In the context of hypovolemic shock, the body responds to a significant loss of blood volume by activating compensatory mechanisms. One such response is an increase in heart rate (tachycardia) to maintain cardiac output and ensure that vital organs continue to receive adequate blood supply despite the reduced volume.

Additionally, a change in LOC can occur due to decreased cerebral perfusion, as the brain may not receive enough blood flow and oxygen. This can manifest as confusion, lethargy, or agitation. Monitoring for these early signs is critical for timely intervention and treatment, as recognizing hypovolemic shock in its early stages can significantly impact patient outcomes.

The other options may present later in the progression of shock or are less indicative of the initial compensatory responses.