What are the typical urinalysis findings in a patient with AGN?

In a patient with acute glomerulonephritis (AGN), the typical findings in a urinalysis include both hematuria and proteinuria. Hematuria refers to the presence of red blood cells in the urine, which occurs due to inflammation and damage to the glomerular capillaries allowing blood to leak into the urinary space. Proteinuria, on the other hand, indicates that proteins, primarily albumin, are lost in the urine due to increased permeability of the glomeruli.

These findings are characteristic of glomerular injury and are essential for diagnosing AGN. The combination of hematuria and proteinuria reflects the underlying pathophysiological processes affecting the renal glomeruli. In contrast, options that mention only one of these findings or no significant findings do not accurately represent the classic presentation seen in AGN, where both abnormalities are typically observed.