What are three ways to gain access to circulation in hemodialysis?

Accessing circulation for hemodialysis is crucial for removing waste, excess fluid, and toxins from the blood in patients with kidney failure. The preferred methods to establish vascular access include the AV fistula, AV shunt, and AV graft, each serving a specific purpose.

An AV fistula is created by surgically connecting an artery to a vein, allowing for high blood flow, which is essential for efficient dialysis treatment. This method typically has the longest lifespan and offers the lowest risk of infection and complications.

An AV graft involves the use of a synthetic tube to connect an artery and a vein, providing a pathway for blood similar to the fistula but is often used in patients with inadequate veins for a fistula. This is also designed to withstand the pressures needed for hemodialysis.

An AV shunt refers to a temporary method of access where a shunt device is placed to connect an artery and vein, often used in urgent situations when immediate dialysis is needed.

These options all create a reliable system for blood flow during hemodialysis sessions, making them standard practice for accessing circulation in patients requiring treatment. The other choices contain combinations of options that do not fully represent the established methods or include less preferred alternatives such as central