What complication can occur due to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) after craniotomy?

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) can lead to a variety of complications, one of which is diabetes insipidus. This condition can occur when there is damage to the pituitary gland or the hypothalamus as a result of the increased pressure in the cranial cavity. The pituitary gland is responsible for producing antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which helps regulate water balance in the body. Elevated ICP can disrupt the normal functioning of this control mechanism, resulting in a deficiency of ADH.

When there is insufficient ADH, the kidneys are unable to retain water, leading to excessive urination and thirst, characteristic of diabetes insipidus. This can result in significant electrolyte imbalances and dehydration if not properly managed.

The other complications listed relate to different mechanisms or conditions. Respiratory distress may occur from various causes such as airway obstruction or pulmonary issues but is less directly associated with ICP. Cardiac arrest can be a severe outcome related to multiple pathophysiological states, but it's not a direct complication of ICP following craniotomy. Skeletal fractures are also unrelated to increased ICP and would typically stem from trauma or other physical injuries. Thus, diabetes insipidus is the complication most directly linked to the effects of increased