What does the suffix '-centesis' refer to in a medical context?

In a medical context, the suffix '-centesis' specifically refers to a procedure that involves a puncture or perforation of a body cavity to withdraw fluid or obtain a sample for diagnostic purposes. This term is commonly used in various medical procedures, such as amniocentesis, where amniotic fluid is extracted during pregnancy, or paracentesis, which involves puncturing the abdominal cavity to remove fluid.

The use of '-centesis' indicates that the procedure is not only about access but typically involves the extraction of a substance, whether for testing or relief of pressure caused by fluid accumulation. It’s essential to understand this suffix as it directly relates to the technique that involves accessing a specific area in order to gather information or provide treatment.

The other options describe different medical actions or conditions but do not relate to the specific act of puncturing or perforating as indicated by the '-centesis' suffix. For instance, enlargement of an organ refers to hypertrophy or dilation, removal of tissue typically relates to terms like 'ectomy,' and examination of cells is often associated with terms like 'cytology.' However, none of them relate to the puncturing aspect that '-centesis' embodies.