What is another name for external radiation therapy?

External radiation therapy is commonly referred to as beam or X-ray therapy. This form of treatment utilizes targeted beams of ionizing radiation, including X-rays, to destroy cancer cells. The radiation is directed from outside the body towards the tumor, hence the term "external." The procedure is designed to maximize damage to malignant cells while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissues, making it a key component in the treatment of various cancers.

The other options do not accurately represent external radiation therapy. Laser or ultrasound refers to different modalities that are utilized for various medical purposes but do not have the same mechanism of action as external radiation therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tomography are imaging techniques, not therapeutic treatments. Heat or cold therapy involves physical methods for pain relief and does not relate to the radiation therapies used for cancer treatment.