What is the first test typically conducted to detect HIV antibodies?

The first test typically conducted to detect HIV antibodies is the ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). This test is designed to identify the presence of antibodies that the immune system produces in response to HIV infection. It is highly sensitive and is often used as the initial screening tool for HIV because it can detect HIV antibodies within a few weeks to a couple of months after exposure.

The ELISA test is commonly performed in healthcare settings due to its effectiveness, accessibility, and relatively low cost. If the ELISA test yields a positive result, confirmatory testing (often with a Western Blot or an alternative test) is necessary to ensure accuracy and rule out false positives. This stepwise approach is crucial in the diagnostic process for HIV, allowing for reliable identification and appropriate management of the infection.