What is the primary dietary prescription for calcium nephrolithiasis?

The primary dietary prescription for calcium nephrolithiasis, commonly known as calcium stones in the kidneys, focuses on lowering the intake of calcium. This is because a high level of calcium in the urine can contribute to the formation of these types of stones. While it may seem counterintuitive, reducing dietary calcium can help prevent stone formation by lowering urinary calcium excretion, thus reducing the risk of stones developing.

It's important to note that while individuals with calcium nephrolithiasis are advised to limit dietary calcium, they should also maintain adequate hydration and may need to adjust other dietary factors, such as reducing sodium and oxalate intake, in consultation with a healthcare professional. This holistic approach helps in managing and preventing future occurrences of kidney stones.

In contrast, options suggesting a high calcium diet or a moderate calcium diet would not align with the need to manage calcium levels in the urine for those prone to calcium-containing stones. A high protein diet does not address the specific issue of calcium levels in contributing to stone formation and can lead to other complications, such as increased acid load on the kidneys.