What is the respiratory pattern seen in increased ICP?

The respiratory pattern associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) often includes central hyperventilation followed by Cheyne-Stokes respiration. This occurs because elevated ICP can alter the normal functioning of the brain, particularly affecting the brainstem, which is responsible for regulating respiration.

In the case of central hyperventilation, there is an increase in the rate and depth of breathing due to the body’s attempt to reduce carbon dioxide levels, which can help to manage acidosis. This is typically followed by Cheyne-Stokes respiration, characterized by cycles of hyperventilation and periods of apnea. These fluctuations are indicative of how the brain is responding to the pressure it is under and signal that the body's respiratory control mechanisms are being disrupted.

Understanding this pattern is crucial for recognizing potential complications associated with increased ICP, allowing for appropriate intervention and management of the patient.