What potential benefit might an AV fistula provide over a graft?

The use of an AV (arteriovenous) fistula provides a significant benefit over a graft in that it typically matures and develops a stronger access point for hemodialysis. The AV fistula is created by connecting an artery directly to a vein. This high-flow connection causes the vein to enlarge and strengthen over time, which results in increased blood flow suitable for dialysis. A mature AV fistula, therefore, has a greater likelihood of being durable and can accommodate repeated needle insertions for dialysis over a long period.

In contrast, grafts involve the use of synthetic materials to connect an artery and vein, which can lead to issues such as increased risk of complications or shorter longevity due to the propensity for thrombosis or infection. The potential for better maturation and stronger access points is a key reason why AV fistulas are often preferred as the first choice for vascular access in patients requiring long-term dialysis.