What primary lifestyle change is often recommended to help manage hypertension?

Decreasing salt intake is a primary lifestyle change often recommended for managing hypertension. High sodium consumption is linked to elevated blood pressure because it can cause the body to retain water, leading to an increase in blood volume and, consequently, higher blood pressure. By reducing salt intake, individuals can help decrease the volume of fluid in their bloodstream, which can lower blood pressure levels. This dietary modification is a fundamental component of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, which emphasizes the consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy while minimizing salt intake.

The other choices, such as increasing carbohydrate intake, smoking, or decreasing exercise, do not support hypertension management and may actually exacerbate the condition. Carbohydrates can vary in healthiness, but an increase does not directly address blood pressure issues. Smoking is a known risk factor for numerous cardiovascular problems, including hypertension, and reducing physical activity is detrimental to heart health, as regular exercise can help manage blood pressure effectively.