What syndrome can result from too much fluid being exchanged during hemodialysis too quickly?

Disequilibrium syndrome occurs when there is a rapid change in the internal environment of the body due to the excessive and swift removal of fluids and solutes during hemodialysis. This condition is characterized by neurological symptoms that arise as a result of the differences in osmotic pressure between the blood and the brain. When fluid is removed too quickly, it can lead to cerebral edema since the brain cannot adjust rapidly to the changes in osmolality. Patients may experience symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, confusion, seizures, and in severe cases, it could even lead to coma.

The syndrome emphasizes the importance of carefully monitoring and controlling fluid and solute removal rates during dialysis treatments to avoid such potentially serious complications. The other conditions mentioned, although related to fluid dynamics, do not accurately describe the complications arising specifically from too rapid a fluid exchange in the context of hemodialysis.