When changing central line tubing, what should the patient be instructed to do?

When changing central line tubing, instructing the patient to turn their head away, hold their breath, and perform the Valsalva maneuver is crucial for several reasons. This technique helps to prevent air from entering the central venous system, which could lead to a potentially life-threatening condition known as a venous air embolism.

The Valsalva maneuver increases intrathoracic pressure, which temporarily occludes the veins and reduces the risk of air entering the bloodstream during the procedure. Turning the head away from the site of the central line insertion can also help to minimize the risk of air entry by effectively closing off any potential pathway through which air could be drawn into the line.

Maintaining normal breathing, taking shallow breaths, or immediately contacting the nurse are not appropriate instructions during this task as they do not provide the same level of protection against air embolism. In procedures involving central line maintenance, it is essential to follow specific techniques that mitigate risks associated with disrupting a closed system.