When giving a Z-track injection, how is the overlying skin positioned?

In a Z-track injection, the overlying skin is positioned laterally. This method involves displacing the skin and subcutaneous tissue to the side prior to the injection. By moving the skin laterally, it creates a "zig-zag" pathway that helps to prevent the medication from leaking back out of the injection site after the needle is withdrawn. This is especially important for medications that can be irritating to the tissue or that are meant to be absorbed slowly, as it minimizes irritation and ensures that the medication stays in the muscle.

When the skin is secured laterally, it helps to seal the medication in place, reducing the risk of skin irritation and enhancing patient comfort. The lateral positioning also helps ensure that the medication is deposited in the muscle layer beneath the skin, which is essential for optimal absorption and effectiveness. This technique is particularly useful for intramuscular injections, and understanding the positioning is critical for proper administration.