Which condition can trigger an exacerbation in a patient with multiple sclerosis?

In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), various factors can influence the course of the disease and lead to exacerbations. One significant factor is temperature sensitivity, where both overheating and chilling can adversely affect neurological function.

When a patient with MS overheats, either due to environmental factors such as hot weather or strenuous exercise, symptoms can worsen because elevated body temperatures can temporarily impair conduction of nerve impulses along demyelinated axons, leading to increased fatigue, weakness, and other neurological symptoms.

On the other hand, chilling or exposure to cold temperatures can also trigger exacerbations due to increased muscle stiffness and spasms. Cold can negatively impact the neuromuscular system, leading to heightened symptoms as well.

Thus, both overheating and chilling are recognized triggers that can exacerbate the symptoms of multiple sclerosis, making it critical for patients to manage their body temperature to maintain stability in their condition. This brings us to the correctness of the chosen answer, which encompasses the impact of both temperature extremes on individuals with MS.