Which condition is primarily treated with ECT?

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is primarily utilized for treating severe depression, especially when other treatments such as medication and psychotherapy have not been effective. It is particularly indicated for cases of major depressive disorder that involve significant functional impairment, a risk of self-harm, or an inability to eat or sleep due to the severity of depressive symptoms. ECT works by inducing controlled seizures in the brain, which can lead to rapid and substantial improvements in mood.

Other conditions listed, such as anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder, typically involve different therapeutic approaches, including psychotherapy or medication, rather than ECT. While ECT can be used in some cases of schizophrenia, it is not the primary treatment for this condition, as antipsychotic medications are the standard form of therapy. Thus, depression is distinctly recognized as the main condition for which ECT is most commonly administered.