Which of the following can occur as a result of chemotherapy?

Chemotherapy is known for its various side effects, one of the most notable being alopecia, or hair loss. This occurs because chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells, which include not only cancer cells but also healthy cells in hair follicles. As a result, patients may experience significant hair thinning or complete hair loss during their treatment. Alopecia is a common concern for patients undergoing chemotherapy, and recognizing this side effect is crucial in managing patient expectations and providing emotional support. It is important for patients to be informed about this possibility so they can prepare for the changes they may undergo during treatment.

While other choices mention weight gain, increased appetite, and improved skin conditions, these are not typical consequences of chemotherapy, as chemotherapy often leads to weight loss, decreased appetite, and various skin changes due to the toxicity of the drugs. Understanding the correct answer helps highlight the typical and significant side effects associated with cancer treatment.