Which of the following conditions could potentially worsen hypertension?

Smoking is known to be a significant contributor to worsening hypertension. The toxic substances found in tobacco smoke can damage the lining of blood vessels, leading to increased arterial stiffness, which elevates blood pressure. Furthermore, smoking can stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing the heart to beat faster and increasing the force of each contraction, both of which contribute to higher blood pressure levels.

In contrast, regular exercise and a balanced diet are generally associated with improving cardiovascular health and managing hypertension. Regular physical activity strengthens the heart, improves circulation, and can lower blood pressure. A balanced diet, particularly one rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, provides essential nutrients and can help maintain a healthy weight, which is important for managing blood pressure. Stress management techniques also play a crucial role in maintaining healthy blood pressure levels by reducing anxiety and promoting relaxation.