Why is it important to stop if resistance is met when passing a catheter into the esophagus?

Stopping when resistance is met during catheter insertion into the esophagus is crucial as it likely indicates the presence of esophageal atresia. This is a congenital condition where the esophagus does not form properly, resulting in a closure or blockage that prevents normal passage. If resistance is felt, it suggests that the catheter cannot advance, which is a clear sign that further attempts could cause harm to the infant. Therefore, recognizing this sign is critical for ensuring patient safety and determining appropriate next steps, such as further imaging or intervention, rather than continuing to exert force.

Other options, while related to feeding or distress, do not directly address the immediate implications of encountering resistance during the procedure. Feeding difficulties are often a consequence of esophageal atresia, but the immediate concern during catheter insertion is the resistance itself, which serves as a direct indicator of this anatomical issue. Moreover, the presence of resistance does not imply a normal part of the assessment, as clinicians expect to advance catheters without obstruction unless there are underlying abnormalities.